Why applications get refused
Many remote workers apply for the non-lucrative visa because it seems simpler, and then keep working online. That breaches the conditions of the permit and can lead to problems at renewal. If you work, choose the permit designed for it.
Side by side
| Digital nomad | Non-lucrative | |
|---|---|---|
| Work allowed | Remote work for foreign companies; freelancers up to 20% Spanish clients | No work |
| Income | 200% of the monthly minimum wage + family | 400% of the monthly IPREM + 100% per dependant |
| Source of means | Remote work | Savings, pensions, passive income |
| Where to apply | Consulate or inside Spain | Consulate |
| Processing | Fast-track procedure (UGE) | Ordinary procedure |
| Tax regime | Beckham regime possible for employees | Ordinary resident taxation |
Who should choose the digital nomad visa
Remote employees and freelancers with a stable relationship with companies abroad, who meet the experience and company requirements. See requirements.
Who should choose the non-lucrative visa
Retirees and people living on investments, rental income or savings who do not intend to work. Article 62 of the Immigration Regulation requires 400% of the IPREM per month for the applicant and 100% for each dependant, for the period of the permit.
And the golden visa?
Spain abolished the residence route for property investors in April 2025, so for most people the choice today is between these two options and other employment-based permits.
Taxes
Both lead to Spanish tax residence if you live here. Remote employees on the digital nomad permit may be able to use the special regime for inbound workers. See taxes.
Getting advice
Your situation may change: a retiree may start consulting, or a remote worker may stop working. Choose the permit that matches what you will actually do in Spain, and review it before each renewal.
A practical example
A British couple planned to retire early in Mallorca while one of them kept consulting part-time for UK clients. The non-lucrative visa would not have allowed the consulting work. We applied for the digital nomad permit for the consultant and a family permit for the partner. See Mallorca. More information on the firm's main website: immigration law at Castell Abogados (in Spanish).
Get your file checked before you apply
Most refusals come from documents that do not prove what the law asks for. Send us your situation and an immigration lawyer will tell you what is missing before you submit.
Questions about choosing a visa
Can I work remotely on a non-lucrative visa?
No. The non-lucrative permit does not allow any work.
Which visa needs more money?
It depends on your household; the digital nomad visa uses the minimum wage, the non-lucrative visa uses the IPREM.
Can I switch from non-lucrative to digital nomad?
Changes between permits are possible if you meet the requirements of the new one; get advice first.
Does the golden visa still exist?
No. The residence route for investors was abolished in April 2025.